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CHUMASH
Parshas Tzav - Shvi'i with Rashi
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Moshe Rabbeinu sprinkled some of the Shemen Hamish’cha (“anointing oil”) on Aharon and the kohanim, along with some of the blood from the korban. This made them holy enough to work in the Mishkan!
Moshe told them to eat the meat of the korban inside of the courtyard of the Mishkan, because it is very holy and can’t be eaten outside.
The kohanim are not allowed to leave the Mishkan, because this needs to be done again every day for the whole seven days (Shivas Yemei Hamiluim, the inauguration of the Mishkan).
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In today’s Tehillim, we say Kapitel Nun-Hey (55), which Dovid Hamelech said to thank Hashem for saving him from people who wanted to hurt him. Dovid Hamelech talks about how we need to have bitachon in Hashem!
He says, “Hashlech Al Hashem Yehovcha, Vehu Yechalkelecha” — “Give Hashem your problems, and He will take care of you.”
Chassidus explains that sometimes, we know where to go for help. We know which doctor, or which teacher, or which person to ask. We have bitachon that they will be good messengers to bring the bracha of Hashem, and things will be good.
But even when we have NO IDEA what to do or who to ask for help, we should still have bitachon that Hashem will help us!
All of the things we do — like asking a doctor — are like taking out a cup (a keli) to catch the bracha of Hashem. But even if we don’t know where to find a “cup,” because we have no idea what to do, “Hu Yechalkelecha” — HASHEM will give us a keli! We should of course try our best, but Hashem will help us even when it looks like there is nothing we can do.
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TANYA
Likutei Amarim Perek Lamed-Tes
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When we do a mitzvah, we might think that we don’t really need to have Kavana. But for a mitzvah to fly up to Hashem, it needs “wings.” What are the wings? The Ahava and Yiras Hashem that come from having kavana.
Like we said before in Tanya, there are two kinds of Kavana — the higher kind that comes from thinking about the greatness of Hashem, and the lower kind that is just remembering how we’re ready to do ANYTHING for Hashem! When we remind ourselves that we are ready to have Mesiras Nefesh for Hashem, that brings out our hidden Ahava for Hashem. These two kinds of kavana become “wings” for our mitzvos!
The lower kind of Kavana makes the mitzvos fly up (to Yetzira), and the higher kind of kavana makes the mitzvos fly up even HIGHER (to Beriyah)! There are also very big Tzadikim whose kavana makes the mitzvos fly even higher (to Atzilus)... but that’s something that only big tzadikim know about!
If a person just does mitzvos because he’s used to doing them, and he doesn’t have even a drop of Kavana, his mitzvos can’t fly up to Hashem.
Even without kavana, a person can do a mitzvah. Still, the mitzvah is not complete without the “wings” to fly up to Hashem!
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A Yiddishe marriage is very holy! There is a very special mitzvah that husbands and wives keep when they are married, called Taharas Hamishpacha. By keeping this mitzvah, their children are born in a Torah and ruchnius’dike way the way Hashem wants.
The Frierdiker Rebbe wanted more Yidden to start keeping Taharas Hamishpacha. He asked the Chassidim to help teach about it. (Later, the Rebbe made this one of the ten mivtzoyim!)
Today we learn something to think about that will make sure we are doing this mivtza with enough chayus: Imagine that Hashem gave us a chance to save a WHOLE CITY from being destroyed. Wouldn’t we do everything we possibly could to save the city? And not only that, wouldn’t we be thankful to Hashem for the zechus of being able to do such a big mitzvah?
Well, teaching other Yidden about Taharas Hamishpacha also saves the lives of Yidden! Just like we would be excited and full of energy to save the Gashmius lives of a whole city, we should be even MORE excited and full of chayus to do everything we can to save the Ruchnius AND Gashmius lives of Yidden by teaching them and helping them keep the mitzvah of Taharas Hamishpacha!
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Today’s mitzvah (Mitzvas Asei #240) is the mitzvah that if our animal eats from someone else’s field, it is our responsibility. We need to pay for the damage!
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Mishpatim: כִּי יַבְעֶר אִישׁ שָׂדֶה אוֹ כֶרֶם וְגוֹ׳
The halachos are explained in Perek Beis and Perek Vov of Mesechta Bava Kama, and Perek Hey of Mesechta Gitin.
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In today’s Rambam, we learn more about the responsibility a person has for when his animal causes damage.
Perek Gimmel teaches us the halachos about when something is hurt or broken because of an animal eating — today’s mitzvah.
One halacha in this perek is that if someone’s animal ate food that another person brought there, the owner of the food is responsible if it made that animal sick!
The Rambam brings an example from a story in the Gemara: Once a woman came to make bread in her neighbor’s house, and the neighbor went away so he wouldn’t look at her when she was kneading and baking the dough, because of tznius. The neighbor’s goat ate some of the raw dough and died! The Beis Din made the woman pay for the goat, because she shouldn’t have let the goat eat the dough, and the neighbor wasn’t there to keep the goat away.
Perek Daled explains the halachos of a person’s responsibility for making sure his animal doesn’t do any damage. Sometimes we say that the person should have been more careful, so it is his responsibility to pay for any damage that the animal did. For example, if a person didn’t make sure the fence was strong, he needs to pay for anything his animal broke if it escaped. Another example is if a person left his animal outside in the sun. Then he is also responsible, even if the fence was VERY strong, because the animal wasn’t comfortable, so it tried extra hard to escape.
Perek Hey tells us about 10 conditions Yehoshua made when the Yidden came into Eretz Yisroel. Many of them are about when we are allowed to use other people’s fields without asking.
One rule is that Yidden are only allowed to raise dogs if they keep them tied up with a strong chain. That’s because Eretz Yisroel is special land for GROWING things, and a dog likes to break and ruin things!
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In Perek Yud-Beis we learn the details of how something becomes a chazaka. For example, a person has to live on property for three years STRAIGHT, or else we don’t assume it is his.
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What is a Nasi Hador?
Hashem makes sure that the Yidden always have a leader. Hashem gives the leader of the Yidden the neshama of Moshe Rabbeinu, our first leader! He has the shlichus to show the Yidden in his time the way to serve Hashem. We call that leader the Nasi Hador, the leader of the whole generation! Just like Moshe Rabbeinu brought the mahn to all the Yidden, the Nasi Hador brings the brachos for everyone in his time.
But that isn’t all!
In the Chumash, a “Nasi” can also mean a king! Everyone in the country knows about the king, and the whole country is called “his.” Everything in the country (even the streets!) is called the KING’s.
(That’s why the Torah tells us to wipe out even the animals of Amalek — because everything in the country has the name of Amalek, it all needs to be destroyed.)
The same thing is true with the Nasi Hador, the king of the generation. Everything in his time is called “the Nasi’s!” Hashem put everything there to help us do the job the Nasi tells us to do, how to serve Hashem the right way for that time.
In our time, the Rebbe told us that every Yid has the shlichus to bring the Geulah by spreading Yiddishkeit, Torah and mitzvos, to himself and to others! So everything that is in the world in our time is here to help us with that shlichus.
So for example, the next time you go to your computer or your phone, ask yourself: How is this machine going to help me fulfill the Rebbe’s shlichus that I was given to help bring Moshiach closer?
See farbrengen Yud Shevat 5722
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We are going through the basic way Maggid is set up, the part of the Haggadah where we tell over the story of Yetziyas Mitzrayim. The nusach of our Haggadah was not written down until much later, but the general structure is already there in the Mishnah.
In the previous shiur, we went through the part of the Haggadah that we say on Shabbos Hagadol, from Avadim Hayinu until “Lechaper Al Kol Avonoseinu.” The Mishnah says that the father should teach his child the story of Pesach so he will understand it, in a way of “Maschil Begnus Umesayeim Beshevach,” starting with the shameful part and finishing with praise. Then we explain the paragraph “Arami Oved Avi” according to the Medrashim of Chazal, from the Sifri.
After that, the Mishnah tells us exactly what else needs to be done at this part of the seder:
First of all, Rabban Gamliel teaches that we need to speak about three important things at the seder: Pesach (the Korban Pesach), Matzah, and Maror. We explain why we have them at our seder, and show what they are.
Then we say the famous Mishnah (which is one of the Yud-Beis Pesukim) of “Bechol Dor Vador,” that Yidden of every time should see themselves as if they are coming out of Mitzrayim themselves!
Of course, if we feel like we came out of Mitzrayim, we will feel so happy and thankful to Hashem! Just like the Yidden did when they came out of Mitzrayim, we will want to praise and thank Hashem! So we say part of Hallel.
There are different opinions in the Mishnah of how much of Hallel we should say here. We follow the opinion of Beis Hillel and say the first two paragraphs, ending with the words Chalamish Lemaayno Mayim.
We finish off with the bracha where we thank Hashem for taking us out of Mitzrayim, and that we are able to sit tonight with matzah and maror. We ask Hashem that we should be able to celebrate Yomim Tovim with Moshiach Tzidkeinu and again eat from the korbanos! Then we will thank Hashem with a new song, a Shir Chadash!
We drink the second kos, and then we go on to the next part of the seder.
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Don’t forget the Nasi! Today is the tenth day of Nisan, which is Shevet Dan.
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Part of the mitzvah of the seder is to feel like we ourselves are going out of Mitzrayim! Because of this, we celebrate the seder in a way of cheirus, freedom!
We show that we are acting in a way of freedom by leaning on our side as kings do when they eat. We lean on our left side (even a lefty!) when we drink the cups of wine or eat the matzah at the seder.
Our minhag is that women don’t do haseibah. Women rely on the opinion that says that since nobody leans during the year anymore, it isn’t a sign of freedom.
See Alter Rebbe’s Shulchan Aruch siman Tof-Ayin-Beis
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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There is an opinion that says that Le’asid Lavo, we will still talk about Yetziyas Mitzrayim. (We say this in the Haggadah.)
Why will we talk about Yetziyas Mitzrayim, if the Geulah from this Golus will be so much greater?
In Mitzrayim, the Yidden were stuck in a lot of tumah. It took an extra special koach from Hashem to pull them out of the tumah at the time of Yetziyas Mitzrayim!
When Moshiach comes, there won’t be any tumah anymore. We won’t need Hashem’s the extra-special help from Hashem to take us away from the Yetzer Hara.
But still, we will want that extra special koach of Hashem! The way we can get it when Moshiach comes is by learning about the time when Hashem used that koach, the time of Yetziyas Mitzrayim! Then we will have that koach of Hashem, in the best way possible, even Le’asid Lavo, after Moshiach comes!
See Maamar Kimei Tzeischa 5742
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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