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CHUMASH
Parshas Va'eschanan - Rishon with Rashi
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Moshe tells the Yidden how he wished he could go into Eretz Yisroel.
Va’eschanan — Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden how he begged Hashem to be able to go into Eretz Yisroel. He knew that Hashem already told him no, but he hoped that gezeira would be taken away! After capturing the land of Sichon and Og, which would later become part of Eretz Yisroel, he davened to Hashem to let him go across the Yarden into Eretz Yisroel too.
But Hashem still said no. Moshe Rabbeinu was able to look at Eretz Yisroel, but only Yehoshua would lead them there.
Moshe Rabbeinu tells the Yidden that they should realize how kind Hashem was to them! Even though they did aveiros, they would be able to go into Eretz Yisroel.
The Yidden should be very careful not to take away anything from Hashem’s mitzvos, or add to Hashem’s mitzvos. By staying close to Hashem, that is how they are alive and ready to go into Eretz Yisroel!
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Today’s shiur Tehillim is kapitelach Nun-Hey through Nun-Tes.
In today’s Tehillim, we have a very famous niggun!
“Padah BeShalom Nafshi” — Dovid Hamelech said these words thanking Hashem for saving him from his enemies! It says in the posuk, “Ki Berabim Hayu Imadi.” “Because of the many that were with me.”
Why did Dovid Hamelech say this? Because EVERYONE was davening for Dovid to be saved — even his enemies! They knew he was right, and they wanted the machlokes to end. So they davened for Dovid to win — and he did!
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TANYA
Igeres Hakodesh Siman Beis
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The Alter Rebbe had a very special Shlichus from Hashem: To bring Chassidus Chabad to the world!
There were some Yidden who were against this, and tried to make it very hard for the Alter Rebbe to do this mission. They made lots of problems for the Chassidim as well. Because of this, the Alter Rebbe was put in prison, and it was a big sakana for Chassidim and Chassidus.
After he came out of prison, the Alter Rebbe wrote this letter. He told the Chassidim that what happened was a tremendous chesed from Hashem! When Hashem does a chesed for a person, it makes him closer to Hashem! And the closer a person is to Hashem, the more humble he should feel.
Because of that, it isn’t right to say not nice things to the people who were against Chassidus, even though their plan didn’t work and the Alter Rebbe was freed from prison.
Now that Hashem did this big neis, Chassidim should be humble and not talk in that kind of way. They should have truly good midos and show Ahavas Yisroel to those who were against the Alter Rebbe — and then maybe they will be nice back, and there will be shalom and Achdus!
One of the things we can learn from today’s Tanya, is that it is important to have Ahavas Yisroel no matter what anybody does to us!
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Today’s Hayom Yom teaches us more about the Ahavas Yisroel we are learning about now in Tanya!
In Igeres Hakodesh “Katonti,” the Alter Rebbe wrote a letter to the Chassidim after he came out of jail on Yud-Tes-Kislev. He said “Don’t be mean to the Misnagdim!”
There are two parts of this letter that are EXTRA-special!
1) The Alter Rebbe said a maamar THREE times called “Kamayim Hapanim.” Then he added a part to the letter!
The maamar talks about how water acts like a mirror, and our hearts act like a mirror too! When we act a certain way to other people, they act that way too to us! When the Chassidim will work on loving the misnagdim, the Misnagdim will love them back, and there will be no more machlokes!
By the way, this did happen! During the time of the Tzemach Tzedek, Chassidim and Misnagdim already lived together peacefully without machlokes. We can learn from this that today, with the power of Kamayim Hapanim, we can overcome differences among Yidden and take away Machlokes!
2) The Alter Rebbe added three words to the end of his letter: “Bemidas Emes LeYaakov” — that the Chassidim have to have this Ahavas Yisroel — but REALLY feel it, be’emes!
The Rebbe Maharash said that if the Alter Rebbe had left out these words, he would have had 50,000 MORE chassidim! But the Alter Rebbe knew it’s easy to just SHOW behavior to others — the Alter Rebbe wanted his Chassidim to REALLY feel that way.
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In today’s Sefer Hamitzvos we learn the same mitzvah again (Mitzvas Lo Saasei #356), that if a husband and wife decide that they can’t be married anymore, and the husband gives his wife a get, they can change their minds and get remarried, unless the woman gets married to someone else in between. Once she gets married to another person, she can never get married to her first husband again, even if she gets a get from her second husband.
We learn this mitzvah from a posuk in Parshas Ki Seitzei: לֹא יוּכַל בַּעְלָהּ הָרִאשׁוֹן אֲשֶׁר שִׁלְּחָהּ לָשׁוּב לְקַחְתָּהּ
The details are explained in Mesechta Yevamos in many places.
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We are learning more halachos about a get in today’s Rambam. One halacha says that a person shouldn’t get married to someone that he wants to give a get to later. When we get married, we should try to stay married forever.
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This perek explains what we do if WE will lose money by keeping someone else from losing money. There are times we get paid for what we lost. We also learn that if we DON’T lose money or time, we can’t ask for money for doing the mitzvah.
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Tisha B’Av is a good time to make hachlatos. Here’s why:
If you’re old enough to fast, how many times do you think about how you’re hungry and you want to eat? If you’re younger, how many times do you want a freeze pop or a cookie and then remember that it’s Tisha B’Av? How does that make you feel?
Probably, you think about how Tisha B’Av is almost over, and you can’t wait to eat then.
But there is something more we should be thinking about!
The reason we fast on Tisha B’Av is that the Beis Hamikdash was destroyed because of our aveiros, like only having Ahavas Yisroel for people we like or people who give us things. We fast because that helps us do teshuvah and fix up the reason that the Beis Hamikdash was destroyed.
So when you feel hungry, don’t go look at the clock — think about how you’re going to have more Ahavas Yisroel!
When Hashem sees that we make good hachlatos, He gives us the reward right away — even before we start actually doing it! So with our good hachlatos today about having Ahavas Yisroel and fixing up the reason for the Churban, Hashem will certainly give us our big reward — Moshiach now!
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In Mincha on Tisha B’Av, we add an extra paragraph in the bracha of Bonei Yerushalayim. This paragraph starts with the word “Nacheim,” which means to comfort. In Nacheim, we ask Hashem to comfort the Yidden for the Churban, and to rebuild the Beis Hamikdash.
The Arizal says that one of the reasons that we say Nacheim now is that during Mincha time on Tisha B’Av, Moshiach was born. This means that right when the Beis Hamikdash was destroyed, Hashem was already planning the Geulah, when the third Beis Hamikdash would be built.
In a year when Tisha B’Av is on Shabbos, the mourning and sad parts get pushed off, but not the happy things, like the birth of Moshiach! So the birth of Moshiach already happened on Mincha time on Shabbos. Still, we say it today, because the minhagim are pushed off along with the fast. Even if now is not the actual time when Moshiach was born, we are still reminded, when we say Nacheim, that Moshiach is already on his way!
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Right after Tisha B’Av, we wash Negel Vasser on our whole hand. During Tisha B’Av, because we had a lower level of kedusha from the sadness of the fast, the tumah doesn’t come onto our whole hand. That’s why we only wash until our knuckles. When the kedusha comes back to us after the fast is over, the tumah tries to come along also. We wash our whole hands Negel Vasser to remove this tumah.
When we make Havdalah, we don’t use a candle or Besamim, like we do for Havdalah on Motzaei Yom Tov.
For women who are at home, there are two choices: The husband shouldn’t be yotzei Havdalah in shul, and the wife should wait until her husband comes home. She can drink water before Havdalah if she needs to, even though usually we don’t drink before Havdalah. Or, if she can’t wait, she should make Havdalah herself.
On a regular year, we don’t wash our clothes or listen to music until the next afternoon, because the Beis Hamikdash was burning until Yud Menachem Av. (There is actually an opinion in the Gemara that we should fast on Yud also. We don’t actually follow this opinion because it would be too hard, but we don’t end all the restrictions of the Nine Days until then.)
This year, we don’t need to wait before doing laundry or listening to music, since even the time of the Beis Hamikdash burning has already ended. Still, we don’t eat meat or drink wine (except for Havdalah) until the next morning.
For more halachos of Tisha B’Av, see the Halacha Newsletter by Rabbi Shmuel Lesches from Melbourne, Australia
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לעילוי נשמת הרה״ח ר׳ דניאל יצחק ע״ה בן ר׳ אפרים שי׳ מאסקאוויץ
שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר נשיא דורנו למדינת אילינוי
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On Tisha B’Av we read Eichah, not only at night, but also when we finish Kinos during the day.
Megillas Eicha is a nevuah written by the Navi Yirmiyah. He saw that the way the Yidden were acting would make Hashem let there be a Churban, and he tried to warn the Yidden to do teshuvah. He told his talmid, Boruch ben Neriah, to write down the nevuah Hashem told him about what would happen if the Yidden didn’t do teshuvah.
The Navi’s words were read to the king, Yehoyakim. The king got so angry he ripped up the scroll and threw it into the fire! Hashem told Yirmiyah to write down his nevuah again. Yirmiyah did, and also added another perek at the end. This is the megillah of Eicha.
The words of Megillas Eicha are very sad. They talk about the terrible things that will happen in the times of the Churban, and all of these things did come true.
The Tzemach Tzedek wrote Reshimos on Eicha, where he explains that these nevuos can also be talking about the Geulah! They may look sad, but really there is a very happy meaning.
For example, the very first posuk in Megillas Eicha starts, “Eicha Yashva Badad, Ha’ir Rabosi Am,” “Oh, how Yerushalayim now sits alone, the city that was so full of people…”
The Tzemach Tzedek explains that this is talking about the time of Moshiach! Then, the Yidden alone will sit in Yerushalayim, not bothered by any of the nations around them.
In a maamar, the Rebbe explains the connection between the pshat of Eicha, which is so sad, and the Chassidus which explains things in such a happy way!
The Churban didn’t just happen on its own. Hashem set things up that first there needs to be a Churban and a Golus, and only then can there be a Geulah. One thing brings the next!
We know about this from the maamar of Bosi Legani: First there were seven aveiros that took the Shechinah further and further away from the world, and then seven tzadikim brought it back, until Moshe Rabbeinu was able to build the Mishkan. First things get harder, but then Hashem makes them much better even than before!
The same thing is with the Churban. First Hashem made the pshat of Eicha come true, the terrible things that happened with the Churban. But then this will bring us to the Geulah, when all of the wonderful explanations of Megillas Eicha will come true!
IY”H we will see this very very soon!
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לע"נ התינוק זאב ארי' ע"ה בן יבלט"א הרה"ח ר' שניאור זלמן שי' גליק
נפטר ב' מנחם אב ה'תשע"ג
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